Introduction：
Salvianolic acid b is an organic compound, which is a brown -yellow dried powder. The pure products are white powder, or pale yellow powder; the taste is slightly bitter, astringent, and diversion. Soluble in water.
Salvianolic acid b is a tri -molecule coffee acid shrinkage with two carboxyl groups, which exist in the form of different salts (k, ca, na, nh4+ and other complex forms). In the process of frying and concentrating, a small part of it is hydrolyzed to produce viperoxalic acid and tanshosu, and a part of tanshosu becomes rosmarinic acid under acidic conditions. Salvianolic acids a and c are tautomeric in solution. It is one of the more sanol acid to study more, and has important pharmacological effects on the heart, brain, liver, kidney and other organs. This product has the effects of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, and the effects of activating the meridians. Indications at the ischemic stroke caused by the blood stasis and the meridians of the meridians.
Function
Anti-oxidant
Salvianolic acid B has a strong antioxidant effect. In vivo and in vitro experiments have proved that salvianolic acid B can clear oxygen free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation, and its effect intensity is higher than that of vitamin C, vitamin E and mannitol, and it is one of the known natural products with the strongest antioxidant effect. Pharmacological studies have shown that salvianolic acid for injection has obvious antioxidant effects, inhibits platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and can prolong the survival time of animals under hypoxia conditions, and can significantly improve the neurological dysfunction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is reflected in improving behavioral disorders.
Protective effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury
Reperfusion of normal blood after acute myocardial ischemia can lead to further damage of the ischemic myocardium, which is manifested as severe cell damage, refractory arrhythmia and obvious cardiac function decline in the early stage after reperfusion, which becomes acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. During myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, a large number of free radicals are produced, membrane lipid peroxidation is enhanced, membrane fluidity and permeability change, resulting in abnormal electrophysiological activities, inducing and promoting arrhythmia. The increase of lipid peroxidation in cardiomyocytes resulted in increased content of malondialdehyde (MDA), increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in coronary effluents, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) in myocardial tissue. Animal experimental studies have shown that salsalic acid B can reduce myocardial ischemia degree, reduce myocardial infarction scope, reduce the overflow of LDH and CPK from the cell body, reduce the content of MDA in ischemic myocardial tissue, increase the activity of SOD, resist the toxic effect of oxygen free radicals on cardiomyocytes, and protect cardiomyocytes.
Delayed protective effect on cardiac microvascular endothelial cells
After repeated myocardial ischemia in advance, it can enhance the tolerance to subsequent long-term ischemia, called ischemic preconditioning, which is an endogenous protective mechanism. Its myocardial protective effect appears immediately after preconditioning, disappears for 2-4 hours, reappears after 24 hours, and lasts for several days, the latter is called delayed protective effect. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells are the first and most vulnerable to injury during cardiac ischemia and hypoxia. Studies have shown that salvianolic acid B pretreatment can inhibit calcium ion overload during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, reduce the release of endothelin (ET) and tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a), improve the equilibrium state of thromboxane/prostacycline (TXA2/PGI2) system, and reduce the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules in endothelial cells after hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. It protects endothelial cells.
Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis
Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important reason for the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Oxidative modification of LDL(OX-LDL) has cytotoxic effects and is easy to be recognized by macrophages and taken up in large quantities to form foam cells, affecting the migration of monocytes and thus promoting the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. Salvianolic acid B can effectively inhibit Cu-trembling induced LDL oxidative modification, which is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The mechanism of action may be related to the removal of free radicals and chelating Cu.
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is closely related to the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Salvianolic acid B can inhibit LPC stimulation of endothelial cells to produce matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), inhibit endothelial cells to express vascular endothelial growth factor, and prevent atherosclerosis.
Effect on apoptosis
Salvianolic acid B can induce neovascular intimal cell apoptosis, and apoptosis plays a stabilizing role in the number of cells in restenosis. At the same time, salvianolic acid B can significantly reduce the thickness of new blood vessel intima, which is consistent with the number of apoptotic cells, indicating that salvianolic acid B can induce the apoptosis of new blood vessel intima cells, so as to prevent the thickening of new blood vessel endothelium.
Anti-Aging
Salvianolic acid B can not only protect nerve cells through antioxidant effects, but also improve the toxic effects of J3-amyloid on neurons by reducing the release of NO, enhance senescent red blood cells, and increase the secretion of IL-238 by T cells. Lymphocytes, which have anti-aging effects.
Extraction and identification
Extract
Salvia miltiorrhiza was crushed, placed in extraction tank, soaked overnight with 8 times 0.01mol/L hydrochloric acid, then percolated with 14 times water. The percolated solution was purified by AB-8 macroporous resin column. The non-adsorbed impurities were eluted with 0.01mol/L hydrochloric acid, and then the polar impurities were eluted with 25% ethanol. Finally, the total salvianolic acid with purity greater than 80% was obtained by reducing pressure and concentration of 40% ethanol eluent, recovering ethanol and freeze-drying.
Identify
Take 1g of the product, finely ground, add 5ml ethanol, stir thoroughly, filter, take a few drops of filtrate, and point it on the filter paper strip. After drying, place the filter paper under ultraviolet light (365nm) for observation, and show blue-green fluorescence. Hang the filter paper in a concentrated ammonia solution bottle (not touching the liquid level) for 20 minutes, and put it under ultraviolet light (365nm) for observation, and show bright blue-green fluorescence.
Acidity The pH value of the aqueous solution under the degree of clarification should be 2.0~4.0
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