What is Luteolin?
Luteolin is a natural flavonoid compound found in a variety of plants. It has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, lowering uric acid, antibacterial, anti-viral, etc. It is mainly used clinically for relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, reducing inflammation, lowering uric acid, treating cardiovascular diseases, and treating "amyotrophic spinal cord disease". "Sclerosis", SARS, hepatitis, etc.
natural source
Luteolin is widely distributed in nature. It is named after it was originally isolated from the leaves, stems and branches of the herbaceous plant Resedaodorata L. in the family Resedaceae. It can be obtained from a variety of natural medicinal materials, Isolated from fruits and vegetables. It is currently found to be mainly found in natural medicinal materials such as honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, nepeta, Prunella vulgaris, artichoke, perilla, skullcap, nudiflorum and other natural medicinal materials, as well as Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, beets, broccoli, carrots Luteolin is also contained in vegetables and fruits such as celery, bell peppers, capsicums, and groundnuts, as well as other plant products such as olive oil and red wine, as well as wild impatiens, thyme, Lamiaceae plants, whole-leaf bluegrass, and sinewgrass.
Extraction process
1. Medicinal material pretreatment: Medicinal materials rich in luteolin are washed and dried and then crushed into coarse powder for later use.
2. Extraction and purification: add methanol, ethanol, acetone and other organic solvents to the medicinal powder, reflux and extract. The extract is concentrated under reduced pressure and degreased with petroleum ether, cyclohexane and other solvents. The water phase is passed through weakly polar macroporous adsorption resin. After washing with water until the effluent is colorless, use 95% ethanol as the eluent to elute, concentrate under reduced pressure, vacuum dry and recrystallize to obtain pure luteolin.
Pharmacological effects
1. Antioxidation: The antioxidant effect of luteolin is mainly manifested in its own oxidation reaction as a reducing agent, enhancing the activity of the organism's antioxidant system, etc.
2. Anti-inflammation: The anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin is mainly manifested in its ability to reduce the activity of inflammatory factor transcription regulators and reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.
3. Neuroprotective effect: Luteolin has a protective effect on the learning and memory abilities of the nervous system.
4. Anti-fibrosis: Luteolin can reduce the degree of liver fibrosis, reduce the contents of hydroxyproline (HYP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the expression of type I procollagen mRNA in liver tissue, and can inhibit hepatic starvation in vitro HSC proliferation and collagen synthesis. It can also improve the histopathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis caused by bleomycin, reduce the lung weight index, significantly reduce the increase of MDA and HYP, and inhibit the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TG ChemicalbookF-β1) mRNA in lung tissue. , can inhibit the proliferation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts and promote their apoptosis in vitro.
5 Anti-fertility and hormonal effects: Luteolin has significant dose-dependent anti-implantation activity. After oral administration, it can significantly increase the weight, diameter, thickness of the endometrium and the height of its epithelial cells. When used alone, it has estrogen-like effects. It has hormonal effects, but it has anti-estrogenic effects when combined with ethinyl estradiol.
6. Others: Luteolin can inhibit a variety of bacteria and viruses, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, herpes simplex virus, polio virus, Coxsackie B3 virus, etc. It can inhibit the activity of HIV-1 integrase and has potential anti-HIV effects. Luteolin can bind to the S2 protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus, thereby inhibiting the virus from entering host cells. Luteolin also has an anti-Lesmania donovani effect, inhibiting the growth of Leishmania donovani by inhibiting its topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II. In addition, luteolin also has immunomodulatory effects.
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