Source of Honeysuckle Extract
Plant extract honeysuckle is a common Chinese medicine in China, which is the dried flower buds of honeysuckle of Lonicera japonica, family Lonicera japonica. Honeysuckle extract obtained after extraction and drying has been widely used in Yinhuang oral liquid, Yinhuang capsule, Yinhuang granules and other proprietary Chinese medicines. Chlorogenic acid, the main active ingredient in honeysuckle extract, has pharmacological effects such as antiviral, improving immunity and lowering blood lipids. Honeysuckle extracts have been gradually used in the fields of pharmaceuticals, spices, cosmetics, health food, health drinks, etc. The prospect is very broad.
Honeysuckle is the dried flower buds or freshly opened flowers of Honeysuckle, Lonicera japonica. Also known as honeysuckle, heron flower, silver flower, double flowers, two flowers, gold vine flower, double bract flower, golden flower, two treasure flower, Zifeng vine, tea flower. Born at an altitude of up to 1500m in the hills, valleys, forests, hedges, wild or cultivated, often as a garden round ornamental shade plants. Distributed in most parts of China. Mainly produced in Henan, Shandong. Those produced in Henan are called "South Yinhua", and those produced in Shandong are called "East Yinhua" or "Ji Yinhua". Climbing shrubs, 3-6 m long. Young branches densely pilose and glandular hairy. Leaves opposite, shortly pedicellate; leaf blade broadly lanceolate or elliptic, 3-8 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, apex acuminate, base rounded, entire. Flowers in pairs in leaf axils; bracts 1 pair, leaflike, bracteoles free; calyx tube glabrous, calyx teeth 5, pointed and hairy; corolla tubular, 3-4 cm long, first white then yellowish, fragrant, labiate, upper lip 4-lobed erect, lower lip inverted; stamens 5. Berry spherical, black. Flowering period May-August, fruiting period August-September.
The Chemical Composition of Honeysuckle Extracts
1. Organic acid honeysuckle extract of the main active ingredients for chlorogenic acid compounds. Mainly chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid, also known as coffee ellagic acid, is formed by the caffeic acid and quinic acid shrinkage of phenolic acid, belonging to the phenylpropanoid compounds. Isochlorogenic acid is a mixture whose isomers are 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3 -Feruloylquinic acid, 4-Feruloylquinic acid, 5-Feruloylquinic acid.
Volatile oils are bisabolol, linalool. The two accounted for 49.4% of the total volatile oil. Still contains eugenol, geraniol, α-pinitol, etc., has been identified 47 compounds.4. Other still contains inositol, saponin, tannins and so on. Chlorogenic acid: molecular formula C16H18O9, molecular weight 354.30. hemihydrate for needle-like crystals (water), 110 ° C into anhydrous compounds, mp. 208 ° C, [α] D26-35.2 ° (C = 2.8). 25 ° C solubility in water is 4%, greater solubility in hot water, soluble in ethanol and acetone, very slightly soluble in ethyl acetate. Honeysuckle leaves contain Lonicera japonica: molecular formula C15H10O5, Lonicera japonica glycosides, senna glycosides and tannins.
The Efficacy of Honeysuckle Extract
Honeysuckle flowers, vines, leaves, stems and trunks contain some effective chemical components, and have a certain pharmacological activity. Which mainly contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, cyclic allyl ether terpenoids, organic acids and volatile oils and other components. Lonicera japonica flower buds contain organic acids, volatile oils and flavonoids, for the traditional commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs, with the efficacy of clearing away heat and detoxification, because of its broad spectrum of antibacterial, therapeutic efficacy, and less toxic side effects are widely used in Chinese medicine clinics, but also widely used in the cosmetic industry.
Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anti-allergic effects of honeysuckle extracts can inhibit rat carrageenan gum peduncle, reduce the degree of egg white peduncle. It also has obvious anti-exudative and anti-proliferative effects on rat croton oil granulocysts. Honeysuckle has obvious antipyretic effect on experimental animal fever model. Honeysuckle has a significant inhibitory effect on a variety of experimental inflammation, especially allergic inflammation, and can significantly inhibit 2,4-dinitrophenol-induced fever in rats.
2. Antifertility effect of honeysuckle ethanol extract of the decoction of non-oral administration of obvious antifertility effect, intraperitoneal injection of mice in early, middle and late pregnancy are effective, static or intrauterine administration of rabbits in early pregnancy is also effective. Honeysuckle can make early pregnancy rats plasma progesterone decreased significantly, honeysuckle's anti-early pregnancy effect can be exogenous progesterone, chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) can be completely cancelled, honeysuckle can also inhibit the formation of pseudo-pregnant mice ecchymoma, this effect can be progesterone can be counteracted.
3. Antioxidant effect of honeysuckle aqueous extract in vitro on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has a direct elimination of the effect of linear quantitative relationship, but in vivo whether it also has a role to be further studied. In addition, Honeysuckle had a certain degree of ameliorating effect on the release of H2O2 from neutrophils of scalded mice, which could lead to a corresponding reduction in the ability of neutrophils to synthesise and release lysosomal enzymes in scalded mice, suggesting that it has an antioxidant response. The experimental results showed that the crude extract of chlorogenic acid and crude flavonoids had significant inhibitory effects on the peroxidation reaction of oils and fats. Lonicerin and chlorogenic acid are two phenolic acids with high content in honeysuckle leaves, and phenolic acids are a typical class of compounds with free radical scavenging effects, while lonicerin is slightly stronger than chlorogenic acid. The antioxidant activity of Honeysuckle was investigated using the DPPH method, and the antioxidant activity was expressed as the rate of inhibition. The inhibition rate was 95.4% when the concentration of honeysuckle was 5mg/ml, and 94.3% when the extract was diluted 5 times, i.e., the concentration was 1mg/ml, indicating that honeysuckle has strong antioxidant ability.
4. Hepatoprotective and choleretic honeysuckle extract contains chlorogenic acid has a choleretic effect, can enhance the bile secretion in rats. Subcutaneous injection of 200mg/kg of total saponin of Lonicera japonica can significantly counteract the elevation of serum GPT and hepatic triglyceride content in the liver of mice caused by CCl4, paracetamol and galactosamine, and significantly reduce the severity of hepatic pathological injuries, and significantly reduce the total number of hepatic punctate necrosis and the rate of emergence of necrosis.
5. Lowering blood lipids, enhance immune function rats gavage honeysuckle extract 2.5g/kg, can reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption, reduce plasma cholesterol content. In vitro test also found that honeysuckle can be combined with cholesterol. The total saponin of Lonicera japonica could very significantly reduce the hepatic triglyceride content of normal mice, and also greatly reduced the hepatic triglyceride content of CCl4, paracetamol, and galactosamine-intoxicated mice. The aqueous extract of Honeysuckle promotes phagocytosis of peripheral blood leukocytes. Intraperitoneal injection of honeysuckle in mice also had the effect of significantly promoting phagocytosis of inflammatory cells. 250mg/kg honeysuckle aqueous extract could reduce the percentage of ANAE positivity of T-cells, suggesting that there may be an inhibitory effect on cellular immunity. In addition, chlorogenic acid as the main active ingredient of ramie has the effect of increasing leukocytes.
6. Haemostatic effect of honeysuckle extract contains chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid has a significant haemostatic effect, can make the clotting time and bleeding time to shorten. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are also effective components of ramie root in haemostasis. Chlorogenic acid is not resistant to high temperatures, so prolonged heating will destroy it and reduce its efficacy. The traditional use of Ginkgo charcoal for haemostasis may be related to this.
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