What is Mogroside V?
Mogroside V is a natural sweet compound extracted from Luo Han Guo. It is a disaccharide compound composed of one molecule of betaine and one molecule of cucurbitose combined through a glycosidic bond. Mogroside V has a very high sweetness, about 250-300 times that of sucrose, but has no calories. Therefore, it is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a natural sweetener. Compared with other synthetic sweeteners, mogroside V has the advantages of being soluble in water, having good stability, high thermal stability, and not causing dental caries.
The Function of the Mogroside V
1 Regulate blood sugar and lower lipids
Mogroside has anti-hyperglycemic effects, and its mechanism may be related to intestinal flora. Mogroside can inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase, thereby exerting anti-hyperglycemic effects.
2 Antioxidative stress
Oxidative stress is caused, on the one hand, by the imbalance of free radicals in the body, and on the other hand, by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body. With in-depth research on the function of mogroside, scholars have discovered that mogroside has potential free radical scavenging activity.
3 Anti-fatigue
Mogroside has anti-fatigue functional activity. For example, it was found in exhaustive exercise mice and normal pressure hypoxia tolerance experiments that mogroside can significantly increase the body's glycogen reserves (P<0.001) and significantly enhance lactate dehydrogenase activity (P <0.05), thereby accelerating lactic acid metabolism, and ultimately achieving the effect of enhancing the mice's ability to resist fatigue and tolerate hypoxia.
4. Anti-inflammatory
Mogroside has anti-inflammatory biological activity and has good curative effect on various types of inflammation. In a study on ulcerative colitis model mice, the model mice were treated with mogroside. It was found that mogroside could prevent intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction through the AMPK-mediated signaling pathway and inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators in cells.
5. Improve lung function
As a medicinal and edible medicinal material, Luo Han Guo has the property of soothing sore throat and can be used in the development of health foods to improve lung function. For example, when mogroside was applied to an asthma mouse model induced by ovalbumin (OVA), it weakened the airway hyperplasia. reactivity, reduced the number of inflammatory cells, and alleviated inflammatory infiltration in the lungs of mice, playing a better anti-asthmatic effect.
6. Protect nerves
Neuronal damage is one of the causative factors of many diseases, and the neuroprotective function of mogroside plays an important role in the treatment of diseases. For example, studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a major role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, and mogroside can reduce the damage to neurons caused by mitochondrial dysfunction by upregulating Sirtuin3, thereby playing a certain protective role and benefiting Parkinson's disease. Treatment and recovery of Kinson's disease.
7. Sweeteners
Mogroside V has good biological activity, making it a non-sugar, high-intensity sweetener on the market. Scholars have discovered that mogroside can be synthesized through biosynthesis, and its sweetness intensity can reach 250 times that of sucrose.
8. Anti-aging
Mogroside is a natural antioxidant with development value. After studying the extract of mogroside, it was found that mogroside has certain antagonistic properties against liver damage cells induced by ethanol in vitro. Mogroside can maintain cell membrane integrity and enhance The antioxidant activity of cells inhibits lipid peroxidation, reduces oxidative stress, and inhibits cell aging caused by oxidative damage.
9. Sports nutrition supplements
As the main active substance in Luo Han Guo extract, mogroside has anti-fatigue function. It can be used in sports nutrition supplements to develop anti-fatigue products. For example, adding mogroside to fitness products can play a certain role. The nutritional supplement effect after exercise can also use its anti-fatigue functional activity to relieve post-exercise fatigue and reduce the feeling of fatigue after exercise.
10. Soothe the throat
Luo Han Guo has the effect of soothing the throat, and its main active ingredient mogroside also has the effects of eliminating phlegm, antitussive, and clearing the throat.
11. Intestinal flora regulator
When applied as a gut microbiota modulator, mogroside serves as a potential prebiotic that can benefit human health through its interaction with the gut microbiota.
12. New drug carriers
Mogroside can increase the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, providing new ideas for the construction of new carriers. And its research found that if the drug solubilization ratio is used as the evaluation index, a solid dispersion dosage ratio of 1:20 has a better effect.
Prospects of mogroside V
With the improvement of people's health awareness, consumers' pursuit of food is no longer limited to satisfying taste, but also pays more and more attention to its health and functionality, causing the demand for natural non-sugar sweeteners to grow explosively. . In particular, M5, one of the most powerful natural sweeteners in the world, has medicinal functions. It can not only meet the needs of the public as a natural non-sugar sweetener, but can also be used as a sucrose substitute for diabetics and obese people. The demand for M5 is gradually increasing around the world, and plant extraction methods can no longer meet the market demand. Synthetic biology has unique advantages in the efficient and sustainable acquisition of plant natural products and has been used in the synthesis of a variety of natural products. Therefore, the use of synthetic biology for large-scale production of M5 has become an inevitable trend. At present, the M5 biosynthetic pathway has been completely analyzed, and the key enzymes have been cloned and functionally verified, but there is still a lack of research on microbial production.
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