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What is Salmon PDRN?
PDRN, INCI for DNA sodium, is a mixture of active polynucleotides with a molecular weight range of 50~1500 kDa. The current sources of extraction and purification include human placenta, red algae, ginseng, and sperm cells of salmon (golden trout) or salmon (salmon).

PDRN contains 50% double-stranded deoxyribonucleotides, and the two polydeoxyribonucleotides are connected by hydrogen bonds between base pairs [adenine (A) = thymine (T); guanine (G) = cytosine (C)], eventually forming a double helix structure (as shown in Figure 1).

The base composition of PDRN is as similar as 98% to human DNA. Based on this biological effect, its clinical application range has gradually expanded, and it has shown significant effects in tissue repair, wound healing, anti-ischemia, and anti-inflammation.

YTBIO offers two types of PDRN products: salmon-derived and rose-derived.
- Salmon-derived PDRN (Cosmetic/Food Grade, 99% Purity)
Made from salmon reproductive cells through targeted enzymatic hydrolysis and multi-stage purification processes, achieving a purity ≥99%. It can be widely used in functional skincare products, medical dressings, and oral beauty ingredients.
- Rose-derived PDRN (Solution, 5000ppm, Molecular Weight 50,000-100,000 Da)
Extracted using plant cell culture or fermentation technology, it is a clear to slightly turbid liquid with an active concentration of 5000ppm and a molecular weight range of 5,000-100,000 Da. It retains bioactivity and is suitable for vegan formulations, clean-label skincare products, and high-end plant-based repair products.
Test report
| Molecular Weight: 650 kDa | Molecular Weight: 1000 kDa |
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The mechanism of action of PDRN can be divided into two aspects:
First, it participates in the "salvage pathway" to provide raw materials for cell DNA synthesis;
Second, as an agonist of adenosine receptor 2 (A2A), it participates in the activation or inhibition of multiple pathways, regulates downstream products and exerts multiple pharmacological effects. The mechanism of action of PDRN is shown in Figure 2.

1. The salvage pathway is also called the "rescue pathway", that is, PDRN can provide purine and pyrimidine after enzymatic hydrolysis to promote cell growth; the salvage pathway can recycle the bases and nucleosides produced by the decomposition of DNA and RNA, and the recovered bases can be converted into nucleotides and re-combined into DNA. The nucleotides and nucleosides produced by PDRN can quickly contribute to DNA generation and quickly provide raw materials for tissue regeneration and damage repair.
2. Adenosine receptor 2 (A2A) agonist A2A receptor belongs to G protein-coupled receptor, which can stimulate adenylate cyclase (AC), regulate cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, and then activate the corresponding signaling pathways, and participate in inflammatory responses, immune regulation, inhibition of inflammation, and promotion of cell renewal metabolism by regulating immune cells.

① PDRN activates adenosine A2A receptors, inhibits the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin IL-6, thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect;
② PDRN stimulates A2A receptors, induces intracellular cAMP activation, promotes protein kinase A (PKA) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, upregulates anti-apoptosis related proteins, inhibits apoptosis protein activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) and cysteine-containing aspartate PDRN can inhibit the expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 by activating A2A receptors, thereby playing an anti-apoptotic role;
③PDRN can promote the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, a highly specific vascular endothelial cell growth factor that can promote wound healing and tissue repair), thereby enhancing angiogenesis and improving microcirculation;

Figure 3 A2A receptor activation
④PDRN can inhibit the activation of MAPK pathway by stimulating A2A receptors, inhibit the expression of MMP and inflammatory factors, and play a positive role in skin regeneration.
Applications of PDRN with different molecular weights:
① 700 KDa and above are used for skin regeneration, joint cartilage regeneration and bone formation promotion;
② 350~500 KDa are used in pharmaceutical treatment to achieve tissue regeneration, corneal regeneration and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases;
③ 40~60 KDa are used in cosmetics and foods to achieve barrier repair, wrinkle improvement and skin beauty.
Summary: PDRN can generate nucleotides and nucleosides that accelerate DNA synthesis, improve fibroblast proliferation and growth ability, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, promote angiogenesis, improve microcirculation, and provide nutrition for skin tissue regeneration; inhibit the expression of inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic proteins, and exert a strong anti-inflammatory effect; in addition, PDRN can also protect tissue cells from UV-induced DNA damage.

A simple comparison between plant-derived and animal-derived PDRN
| Comparison Aspect | Animal-Derived PDRN | Plant-Derived PDRN |
|---|---|---|
| Source & Extraction | Mainly extracted from the reproductive cells or seminal vesicles of marine organisms such as salmon and trout | Extracted from plant tissues |
| Composition Characteristics | Approximately 98% DNA base similarity with human DNA, resulting in low immunogenicity | Structure similar to animal-derived PDRN; free from animal components, offering higher safety |
| Core Benefits | Promotes cell regeneration, accelerates wound repair, provides anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects | Enhances cell vitality, repairs skin barrier, provides antioxidant effects |
| Advantages | Clinically well-established application | High production efficiency, stable supply, lower ecological impact, better safety profile |
| Limitations | Raw material supply affected by ecological factors; potential allergy risk | Reduced ecological impact; suitable for vegan formulations and clean label requirements |
For more information about Sodium DNA Powder or other products, please contact:
Email: sales@sxytbio.com
Tel/WhatsApp: +86 177 8257 7059
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