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Product description
D-Glucuronic Acid (D-Glucuronic Acid) is a key natural organic acid belonging to the uronic acid class of compounds, primarily produced through the oxidation of D-glucose. As a core component of the body's detoxification and metabolic systems, it assists in toxin excretion through binding reactions and plays a vital role in pharmaceutical manufacturing and industrial production as a structural unit of biomolecules such as polysaccharides and glycoproteins.
Physicochemical Properties and Structural Characteristics
- Basic Chemical Information: The chemical formula of this substance is C6H10O7, the molecular weight is approximately 194.14, and the CAS Registry number is 6556-12-3.
- Physical Properties: At room temperature, it appears as a white solid or powder with a density of approximately 1.748 g/cm³ and a melting point ranging from 159 to 161℃.
- Solubility and Stability: Easily soluble in water and ethanol. In vivo, it usually exists in the more stable form of a furan ring 3,6-lactone; the free state is relatively unstable.
Product Details Form
| Boiling point | Boiling point | Density | 1.4301 (roughestimate) |
| Refractive index | 36°(C=6,H2O) | Solubility | H2O:sChemicalbookoluble100mg/mL, cleartoslightlyhazy |
| Acidity coefficient (pKa) | pKa3.18 (H2Ot=20.0) (Uncertain) | Water solubility | Solubleinwater. |
What are the benefits?
Detoxification Function: Neutralizing and Excreting Harmful Substances
Glucuronic acid binds to fat-soluble compounds through a conjugation reaction (glucuronidation), converting them into water-soluble substances that are excreted via bile or urine.
- Drug Metabolism: For example, acetaminophen (an antipyretic) is processed by the liver and conjugates with glucuronic acid, reducing its toxicity and accelerating its excretion.
- Toxin Clearance: Endogenous bilirubin (a product of red blood cell breakdown) needs to conjugate with glucuronic acid to be excreted from bile; obstruction of this process can lead to jaundice.
- Hormonal Inactivation: Steroid hormones (such as estrogen) are inactivated and need to be excreted through a conjugation reaction to prevent accumulation in the body.
Participation in Substance Metabolism and Transformation
Besides detoxification, glucuronic acid plays the following roles in metabolic regulation:
- Bilirubin Metabolism: Unconjugated bilirubin is neurotoxic; after conjugating with glucuronic acid, it forms water-soluble compounds, becoming one of the main components of bile.
- Exogenous Substance Transformation:** Some carcinogens (such as benzo[a]pyrene) require glucuronidation to reduce their carcinogenicity.
- Endogenous Substance Cycle:** Participates in the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides (such as hyaluronic acid), maintaining skin elasticity and joint lubrication.
Constituent Structure of Biological Macromolecules
Glucuronic acid is a basic building block of many biological macromolecules:
- Connective Tissue:Combines with amino sugars to form hyaluronic acid, present in skin, synovial fluid, and the vitreous humor of the eye, maintaining tissue hydration and pressure resistance.
- Anticoagulant:Heparin molecules contain glucuronic acid, which can inhibit blood clotting and is used in clinical anticoagulation therapy.
- Intercellular Matrix:Participates in the synthesis of chondroitin sulfate, constituting the cartilage matrix and supporting bone flexibility.
Other physiological functions
- Antioxidant aid: Some studies show that glucuronic acid can reduce oxidative damage by binding free radicals.
- Gut health: Gut microbiota can break down bound metabolites, releasing glucuronic acid for local mucosal use.
Application
D-glucuronic acid is widely used in health care products and other fields, with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects
The main role of glucuronic acid in cosmetics and skin care products is as a chelating agent and a humectant
Has excellent decontamination, chelating and dispersing abilities. as a detergent. Buffers, chelating agents, humectants, etc. are used in the field of personal care products.
D-glucuronic acid is prepared as follows:
(1) Preparation of oxidized starch: Take an appropriate amount of starch and put it into a stirring tank. Then add an appropriate amount of pure water to the starch and stir. The weight ratio of pure water to starch is 5:2. After stirring evenly, starch milk is prepared. Then add alkaline solution to the starch milk to adjust the pH value of the starch milk to 8-10. Then add hydrogen peroxide solution to the starch milk. Then add an appropriate amount of water. Then wash, dehydrate, and dry the starch milk to obtain the oxidized starch product.
(2) Preparation of glucuronic acid: Pour the starch milk obtained in step (1) into a reaction tank. Then add an appropriate amount of α-amylase to the reaction tank. Then place the reaction tank in a water bath for water bath heating. The heating temperature is controlled at 70-80 degrees Celsius. Stir while heating. Hydrolysis reaction occurs between α-amylase and starch milk. After saccharification reaction, hydrolysate is obtained, and the glucuronic acid content in the hydrolysate is increased. Then, the glucuronic acid in the hydrolysate is extracted through a series of processes.
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