Magnesium Carbonate

Magnesium carbonate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula MgCO3, molecular weight 84.31, and relative density 3.037. It appears as a white granular powder. It decomposes at 350°C and loses carbon dioxide at 700°C. It is slightly soluble in cold water and slowly soluble in acid. Its trihydrate is a colorless needle-shaped crystal with a melting point of 165°C and a relative density of 1.850. Its pentahydrate is a white monoclinic crystal with a relative density of 1.73, which decomposes when heated in the air. Hydrates can be obtained by passing carbon dioxide into a magnesium salt aqueous solution while adding sodium carbonate, and the anhydrous substance can be obtained by drying the hydrate below 50°C.

It is basic hydrated magnesium carbonate or normal hydrated magnesium carbonate. Due to different crystallization conditions, the product can be light or heavy, generally light. Light products include: MgCO3·H2O. Heavy products include: 5MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·3H2O, 5MgCO3·2Mg(OH)2·7H2O, 4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2 and 3Mg(OH)2·4H2O. It is trihydrate at room temperature. Light magnesium carbonate is white loose powder or fragile block. Odorless, relative density 2.2, melting point 350℃. Stable in air, heated to 700℃ to produce carbon dioxide, generate magnesium oxide, almost insoluble in water, but cause a slight alkaline reaction in water. Insoluble in ethanol, can be dissolved by dilute acid and bubble. Light magnesium carbonate is mainly used as a filler and reinforcing agent for transparent or light-colored rubber products. After mixing with rubber, it hardly changes the refractive index of the rubber itself, and can enhance the wear resistance, flexural resistance and tensile strength of the rubber. It is mainly used as an additive for paints, inks and coatings, and is also widely used in toothpaste, medicine and cosmetics industries.

As an additive, magnesium carbonate is often used in pharmaceutical intermediates, antacids, desiccants, colorants, carriers, anti-caking agents; in food as an additive and magnesium element compensator; in fine chemicals for the production of chemical reagents; in rubber as a reinforcing agent and filler; can be used as insulation, high temperature resistant fireproof and heat preservation materials; important chemical raw materials in the manufacturing process of wires and cables. Manufacture of high-grade glass products; enamel ceramics for surface brightening; production of magnesium salts, pigments, paints, daily cosmetics, shipbuilding, boiler manufacturing, coating industry as a filler for accessory pigments, paints, inks, can increase whiteness and hiding power and athletes use it to wipe their hands during competitions.

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